The Keel-billed Toucan, known as the "bill bird"locally,
is the national bird of Belize. The most obvious characteristic
of the toucan is the huge yellow, orange, red, green and black
bill. The toucan's bill is amazingly dextrous and allows the bird
to feed on a variety of tropical forest fruits.
The Keel-billed toucans are a very social bird and can often
be seen in flocks of six or more birds. They are found throughout
Belize's forests and nest in holes in tree trunks. They lay one
to four eggs and the parent birds take turns incubating the eggs.
This bird displays a rapid, heavy flapping of the wings when flying
and calls with a creek creek sound, similar to a frog.
Toucans are primarily fruit eaters, feeding on a wide variety
of tropical fruits of the forest. It feeds by snipping off the
fruit and flipping its head back to gulp the fruit. Toucans will
also feed on insects, lizards, snakes and event he eggs of smaller
birds.
large bill is "honey-combed" and reinforced with a
network of bony fibers, making the bill very light. If the bill
were solid and heavy the bird would have difficulty flying. Toucans
often "fence" with each other with their bills and will
play with berries in their bills, tossing the berries in the air,
or to one another.
The toucan's beak appears quite heavy, but is actually light.
It is hollow, made of the protein keratin with thin rods of bone
to support it – similar in consistency to a hard sponge.
Its tongue is like a feather that is used to catch food and flick
it down its throat. Although scientists have yet to discover the
exact function of such a large bill, they believe it may play
an important role in the courtship display and as a defensive
weapon. When toucans sleep, they turn their head so that their
long bill rests on their back and their tail is folded over their
head. The bird becomes a ball of feathers. Often found in abandoned
tree hollows or old woodpecker holes, 5-6 adults may sleep in
one hole. The keel-billed toucan is the national bird of Belize,
or "bill bird" as it is known locally. In its native
region, toucans are associated with evil spirits and are thought
to be the incarnation of a demon. In certain religions of South
and Central America, the father of a new child must not eat toucan
flesh as it might bewitch the newborn and cause it to fade away.
The toucan can also be a tribal totem and the medicine man can
use it as an incarnation to fly to the spirit world. The toucan
is a poor flyer, moving from tree to tree mostly by hopping. Toucans
have a loud frog like call that can be heard up to a half mile
away in the jungle!