The Ocelot, which is locally called tigrillo, meaning ‘little
tiger’, is a medium sized cat with an adult weight of approximately
9-14 kg. This cat species is probably best known for its beautiful
rich and colourful coat. Its chain-liked blotches and spots are
edged in black with a lighter coloured centre. The base colour
varies depending on habitat, with fur being a rich yellow/cream
in arid areas and darker yellow/brown in forest habitats.
Hunting mostly at night, the Ocelot’s main diet consists
of rodents, such as, birds, frogs and snakes but it will also
feast on larger animals, including, monkey and deer. In addition
to being an excellent swimmer, the Ocelot has very good climbing
skills, which is why they are often found sleeping in the lower
branches of trees.
Territorial by nature, Ocelots live within an area of about 4
square miles with the female and male territory overlapping. Female
Ocelots communicate by use of scent markings, which lets the male
know when she is ready for mating. Vocal communication is also
used. Mating is non seasonal with the gestation period approximately
70-80 days. Average litter sizes tend to be small at 1-2 cubs.
The cubs will stay with their mothers until they are ready to
establish their own territory. The lifespan of the Ocelot is approximately
20 years for those in captivity and 8-10 years for those living
in the wild.
The Ocelot is an endangered species throughout its range. Fur
trade and deforestation has led to the cat's virtual extinction
in some parts. Although outside factors play a hugh part in the
dwindling numbers of Ocelots, problems also exist within the cat
species group. Small litter sizes, long gestation and growth rates
as well as a high infant mortality rate have made it difficult
for the Ocelot to sustain its own population growth.